The Laws of the Media have been shaped by studying the effects of media, so there is always a hidden ground upon which these effects stand, and against which they bounce. That is, the law of a medium is a figure interplaying with a ground. As with a wheel and an axle, there must be an interval between the two in order for the play to exist. Marshall McLuhan, “Laws of the Media,” Marshall McLuhan: The Man and His Message , (Golden, 1989), p. 206.